Herbs, homeopathy, acupuncture, hydrotherapy, fasting, light — ‘back to nature’ therapies
Project 523 & artemisinin
🏛️ Official record
PLA ‘523’ mission (launched 23 May 1967) · Tu Youyou (2015 Nobel in Physiology or Medicine) · China · 1967–2015
To beat drug-resistant malaria in the Vietnam War, the military screened 2,000+ herbal recipes; in 1972 Tu Youyou’s team extracted artemisinin from sweet wormwood, now a global first-line antimalarial.
VerdictThe most successful case of a traditional herb validated by modern pharmacology.
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Australia’s NHMRC homeopathy evaluation
🏛️ Official record
NHMRC (2015) · Australia · 2015
After reviewing 1,800 studies it concluded there is no reliable evidence homeopathy is effective for any condition.
VerdictOfficially refuted.
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UK House of Commons ‘Evidence Check 2: Homeopathy’
🏛️ Official record
UK Commons Science and Technology Committee (2010) · NHS England defunded 2017 · UK · 2010–2017
The committee found homeopathy no better than placebo and advised the NHS to stop funding; NHS England formally stopped in 2017.
VerdictOfficially refuted.
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Germany’s GERAC acupuncture mega-trial
🎓 Academic research
Funded by German statutory insurance · Haake et al. (Archives of Internal Medicine 2007) · Germany · 2002–2007
1,162 chronic-low-back-pain patients randomised to real acupuncture, sham (shallow non-point) or usual care: response rates 47.6%, 44.2%, 27.4%.
VerdictAcupuncture beat usual care, but real and sham didn’t differ — the effect may be from needling itself plus expectation.
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NIH acupuncture consensus & WHO ICD-11 traditional-medicine chapter
🏛️ Official record
US National Institutes of Health (1997) · World Health Organization (2019) · USA · Global · 1997–2019
The 1997 NIH consensus found acupuncture effective for post-op nausea etc.; the WHO’s 2019 ICD-11 first included a traditional-medicine chapter.
VerdictOfficial ‘limited recognition’.
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Finsen light therapy wins a Nobel
🎓 Academic research
Copenhagen’s Finsen Institute · 1903 Nobel in Physiology or Medicine · Denmark · 1896–1903
Focused UV light treated lupus vulgaris (skin TB), the first ‘natural therapy’ to win a Nobel.
VerdictThe scientific formalisation of sunlight therapy.
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Kneipp hydrotherapy & German intangible heritage
📜 On record
Bavarian priest Sebastian Kneipp (1886 ‘My Water Cure’) · German federal heritage list (2015) · Germany · 1886–2015
Cold baths, barefoot dew-walking, herbs and diet — the ‘five pillars’ — became a German wellness tradition, listed as intangible heritage in 2015.
VerdictA cultural tradition; efficacy evidence is limited.
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Fasting-mimicking diet research
🎓 Academic research
Univ of Southern California, Valter Longo (Cell Metabolism 2015) · USA · 2015
A periodic 5-day low-calorie ‘fasting-mimicking diet’ extended lifespan in mice and lowered several ageing and metabolic risk markers in human trials.
VerdictPreliminary evidence for some benefits of fasting.
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Pauling & high-dose vitamin C
🎓 Academic research
Two-time Nobel laureate Linus Pauling · Mayo Clinic RCTs (NEJM 1979, 1985) · USA · 1970–1985
Pauling claimed high-dose vitamin C prevents colds and treats cancer; two Mayo Clinic RCTs found no cancer benefit.
VerdictEven a Nobel laureate can be wrong.
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Gerson therapy
✕ Debunked
US National Cancer Institute reviews (1947, 1959) · Cancer Research UK · USA · Mexico · 1930s–
‘Detoxes’ cancer with juices and coffee enemas; the NCI reviewed 50 records twice and found no benefit, and the clinic moved to Mexico after a US ban.
VerdictNo evidence and a risk of death.
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Zhang Wuben’s ‘mung beans cure everything’
✕ Debunked
China’s Ministry of Health denied his expert status in 2010 · media investigation · China, Beijing · 2010
‘Eat Your Way Back from Illness’ sold millions claiming mung beans and eggplant cure everything, spiking mung-bean prices; his ‘TCM lineage’ and ‘Health Ministry expert’ claims were found fabricated.
VerdictDebunked.
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India’s Ministry of AYUSH
🏛️ Official record
Indian government (elevated to a ministry in 2014) · India · 2014
A central ministry overseeing Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha and Homeopathy, with a budget of hundreds of millions.
VerdictA state-level ‘natural therapy’ administrative system.
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